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1 квадратичная конгруэнция
Mathematics: quadratic congruenceУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > квадратичная конгруэнция
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Quadratic residue — In number theory, an integer q is called a quadratic residue modulo n if it is congruent to a perfect square modulo n; i.e., if there exists an integer x such that: Otherwise, q is called a quadratic nonresidue modulo n. Originally an abstract… … Wikipedia
Quadratic sieve — The quadratic sieve algorithm (QS) is a modern integer factorization algorithm and, in practice, the second fastest method known (after the general number field sieve). It is still the fastest for integers under 100 decimal digits or so, and is… … Wikipedia
Congruence (general relativity) — In general relativity, a congruence (more properly, a congruence of curves) is the set of integral curves of a (nowhere vanishing) vector field in a four dimensional Lorentzian manifold which is interpreted physically as a model of spacetime.… … Wikipedia
Congruence of squares — In number theory, a congruence of squares is a congruence commonly used in integer factorization algorithms. Derivation Given a positive integer n, Fermat s factorization method relies on finding numbers x, y satisfying the equality We can then… … Wikipedia
Matrix congruence — In mathematics, two matrices A and B over a field are called congruent if there exists an invertible matrix P over the same field such that PTAP = B where T denotes the matrix transpose. Matrix congruence is an equivalence relation. Matrix… … Wikipedia
Ankeny-Artin-Chowla congruence — In number theory, the Ankeny Artin Chowla congruence is a result published in 1953 by N. C. Ankeny, Emil Artin and S. Chowla. It concerns the class number h of a real quadratic field of discriminant d > 0. If the fundamental unit of the field is … Wikipedia
mathematics — /math euh mat iks/, n. 1. (used with a sing. v.) the systematic treatment of magnitude, relationships between figures and forms, and relations between quantities expressed symbolically. 2. (used with a sing. or pl. v.) mathematical procedures,… … Universalium
Modular arithmetic — In mathematics, modular arithmetic (sometimes called clock arithmetic) is a system of arithmetic for integers, where numbers wrap around after they reach a certain value the modulus. The Swiss mathematician Leonhard Euler pioneered the modern… … Wikipedia
List of number theory topics — This is a list of number theory topics, by Wikipedia page. See also List of recreational number theory topics Topics in cryptography Contents 1 Factors 2 Fractions 3 Modular arithmetic … Wikipedia
mathematics, East Asian — Introduction the discipline of mathematics as it developed in China and Japan. When speaking of mathematics in East Asia, it is necessary to take into account China, Japan, Korea, and Vietnam as a whole. At a very early time in their… … Universalium
Crible Quadratique — L algorithme crible quadratique (QS pour Quadratic sieve) est un algorithme moderne de décomposition en produit de facteurs premiers fondé sur l arithmétique modulaire. Dans la pratique, la seconde méthode connue la plus rapide. C est un… … Wikipédia en Français